The bean flower thrips bft, megalurothrips sjostedti trybom. Pdf a series of experiments were conducted in cameroon to investigate options for managing cowpea flower thrips, megalurothrips sjostedti. Plant extracts in ethanol were separately applied on a filter paper disk in a still air visual cue olfactometer. Oypwz pumlzhpvu vu ilhuz ylz\sz pu thsmvytlk wvkz huk kljylhzl pu ilhuz jvtwhylk v ol \upumljlk jyvw vu ol ypno bottom.
Pdf management of cowpea flower thrips, megalurothrips sjostedti. Consequently, cultivars with moderate field resistance to viruses exist, but not. Kreiter, serge professor in plant protection, monpellier supagro, umr cbgp, montferriersurlez, france. Pdf legume flower thrips, megalurothrips sjostedti, is a serious insect pest of leguminous plants particularly cowpea. Anthocoridae on life stages and species of frankliniella flower thrips thysanoptera. Megalurothrips sjostedti trybom is an important pest of cowpea vigna unguiculata in west africa.
One of them, ceranisus menes walker, a cosmopolitan endoparasitoid of thrips larvae, provides an efficient control of thrips populations in southeast asia. Megalurothrips sjostedti dibandingkan dengan pestisida nabati. Cowpea is grown primarily by subsistence farmers who consume the leaves, pods and grain on farm or sell grain in local markets. Among the major cowpea pests affecting the crop are the legume pod borer maruca vitrata, flower thrips megalurothrips sjostedti, bruchids callosobruchus maculatus, and podsucking bugs, for which conventional plant breeding has not been effective and the use of. Complete crop failure may occur where insecticide protection is not introduced especially for improved, high yielding varieties. Thripidae in pepper flowers ignacio baez, 1stuart r.
Mku offers worldclass education and innovative research in five major areas. Among those is megalurothrips sjostedti trybom, a major pest which is not successfully controlled by its local natural enemies. Sesbania rostrata is a small semiaquatic leguminous tree, in the genus sesbania. Genetics of thrips megalurothrips sjostedti resistance. Kurang efektifnya bahanbahan nabati tersebut dalam menekan populasi thrips disebabkan oleh adanya senyawa azadirachtin, meliantriol, salanin, dan nimbin, yang merupakan hasil metabolit sekunder dari tanaman mimba, minyak atsiri dan oleoresin dari jahe, a llisin dan. Dry grain pulses crsp fy 2011 workplans 121 the major pests of cowpea in the field in northern nigeria, niger, and burkina faso include. Aggregation of the bean flower thrips, megalurothrips sjostedti trybom thysanoptera.
Insects free fulltext repellency of plant extracts against the. Three key factors assumed to be responsible for its. Genetic analysis of resistance to flower bud thrips. Each companion crop was interplanted with french beans in a 3. For this study, i applied roche 454 sequencing technology to generate and subsequently assemble contigs from dna sequencing reads for a. Analysis of spatiotemporal fungal growth dynamics under. Quarantine pest list the annexed table 1 of the amended enforcement ordinance of the plant protection law 1. Repellency of plant extracts against the legume flower.
It attacks cowpea from preflowering to flowering stages. A significant difference was found in longevity of adult females among treatments p. Effects of entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae. Piiuiuc1 workplan 1 biological foundations for management. This document is eeny324 originally published as dpi entomology circular 59, one of a series of the department of entomology and nematology, ufifas extension.
Oct 01, 2018 seed coat color is an important part of consumer preferences for cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Frontiers resistance to thrips in peanut and implications. Herren1 tlant health management division, international institute of tropical agriculture, cotonou, republic of benin institute of plant sciences, division of phytomedicine, swiss federal institute of technology, zurich, switzerland. Behavior predation by orius insidiosus heteroptera. Effects of entomopathogenic fungus metarhizium anisopliae on. Euphorbiaceae was studied under laboratory and field conditions against three key insect pests of cowpea, vigna unguiculata l. Insect pests may cause serious damage 80100% on field cowpea, vigna unguiculata l. Maize landraces recruit egg and larval parasitoids in. Assessment of key factors responsible for the pest status. Megalurothrips sjostedti and frankliniella occidentalis. The insect is commonly found in tropical africa and has been recorded to cause yield loss of up to 100%. Azadirachta indica extracts obtained from leaves and seeds.
Pengaruh insektisida nabati dan kimia terhadap hama thrips. Proceedings of the joint essa and aais conference, stellenbosch, south africa. Locationofmpalaresearchcentreinlaikipiadistrict,kenyaingreen. Akah and others published comparative effects of three levels of insect infestation on selected properties of. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. A genomic analysis of the insect pest populations of cowpea. At 106 conidia ml1 there were differences compared to the control, however, no differences were detected between 105 conidia ml1 and control. Processed cowpea foods such as akara a deepfat fried fritter are popular in the rapidly expanding urban areas. Tobacco, nicotiana tabacum, is a highvalue crop grown in many temperate and tropical countries of the world. Fresh fruits are very important source of vitamins and minerals which are essential for human.
Megalurothrips sjostedti the cowpea flower thrips or african bean flower thrips are shiny, black, slender, smallwinged insects that feed on flower buds and flowers. Traditionally, fungal growth dynamics were assessed manually, limiting the research to a few environmental conditions andor fungal species. To propose an alternative to chemical control, the repellency of. These were then used to detect polymorphisms in the different populations of these insect pests across west africa. Also, there are few alternatives to pesticide sprays for many of these pest species. Building capacity through research and strategic partnerships. This study makes use of available resources, including mapping populations, a reference genome, and a highdensity single. Three key factors assumed to be responsible for its pest status are analysed, the survival on alternative hostplants during the dry season, the inefficient biotic mortality factors regulating population growth.
A simple in vitro method to study interactions between. Comparative effects of three levels of insect infestation on. Although information is lacking on the pest density at which economic loss occurs i. These germination values are considered adequate for biopesticides based on entomopathogenic fungi, in accordance with international standards jenkins and grzywacz. Leafgall thrips of ficus gynaikothrips ficorum gynaikothrips. Color has been studied in numerous crop species and has often been linked to loci controlling the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. Three key factors assumed to be responsible for its pest status are analysed, the survival on alternative hostplants during the dry season, the inefficient biotic mortality factors regulating population growth, and the effect of larval feeding on the development of cowpea. One of them, ceranisus menes walker, a cosmopolitan endoparasitoid of thrips larvae, provides an efficient control of. Effects of temperature and photoperiod on development and. An assessment of the risk of btcowpea to nontarget. Togo is developing integrated pest management technologies for coreid bugs and. Sternal gland structures in males of bean flower thrips, megalurothrips sjostedti and poinsettia thrips echinothrips americanus in comparison with those of western flower. Thripidae are among the most serious pests of french beans, phaseolus vulgaris var. Akah and others published comparative effects of three levels of insect infestation on selected properties of five nigerian cowpea vigna unguiculasta l.
A tremendous effort has been devoted to developing peanut cultivars with resistance to orthotospoviruses. Thrips are major pests of peanut arachis hypogaea l. Megalurothrips sjostedti trybom and frankliniella occidentalis pergande thysanciptera. Resistance of cowpea genotypes to megalurothrips sjostedti the field experiment was conducted during the second growing season i. Principal insects affecting tobacco plants in the field in.
Biology of cowpea flower thrips and host plant resistance. Species suited to fl climates usda hardiness zones. Azadirachta indica extracts obtained from leaves and. Assessment of key factors responsible for the pest status of. Injurious animals phylumgroup scientific or common name of pest a. The behavior, ecology and control of legume flower thrips. Three key factors assumed to be responsible for its pest status are analysed, the survival on alternative hostplants during the dry season, the inefficient biotic mortality factors regulating population growth, and the effect of larval feeding on the development of cowpea flower buds.
The bean flower thrips megalurothrips sjastedti is one of the most serious pests of common bean phaseolus vulgaris in uganda nyiira 1973, 1978. Evaluation of companion crops for thrips thysanoptera. Maize landraces recruit egg and larval parasitoids in response to egg deposition by a herbivore amanuel tamiru habitat management programme, international centre of insect physiology and ecology, po box 30, mbita point, kenya. There are no reports of the effect of temperature on the development of the pest and no diapause has been detected. Ethiopia is studying the chemical ecology of planttoplant signalling, and its potential to manage the cereal stemborer pest in africa. This study makes use of available resources, including mapping populations, a reference genome, and a highdensity single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping. Welcome to mount kenya university the leading private university inclined towards science and technology.
Megalurothrips sjostedti trybom on french bean phaseolus vulgaris l. The seeds are used for cooking as whole beans or ground into a flour, while the immature pods and leaves are consumed as green vegetables singh 2014. Megalurothrips and undergoes gradual type of metamorphosis in. A genomic analysis of the insect pest populations of. Tephrosia is a large genus of tropical and subtropical herbs or shrubs belonging to the legume family fabaceae, in subfamily faboideae also called the papilionoideae. Please, select more pdf files by clicking again on select pdf files. Genetic improvement of cowpea to overcome biotic stress and drought constraints to grain productivity project personnel. Phenotyping of striga gesnerioides and megalurothrips sjostedti resistance in cowpea population in north. Megalurothrips sjostedti trybom is an important pest of cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Evaluation of coloured traps with kairomone attractant for. Metarhizium rileyi biopesticide to control spodoptera. We are about discovering possibilities and potentials for all students. Biology of cowpea flower thrips megalurothrips sjostedti, was studied under field conditions. Identification of candidate genes controlling black seed.
It has been shown in at least two cases that the size of floral structures can be associated with thrips resistance. Interactive effects of growth retardants in the production. Thrips tabaci, beauveria bassiana, metarhizium anisopliae, lecanicillium lecanii. Ampongnyarkoeffect of temperature on germination, radial growth and virulence of metarhizium anisopliae and beauveria bassiana on megalurothrips sjostedti biocontrol sci. Economic impacts of biocontrol research to manage field.
The sensitivity of flower bud thrips, megalurothrips sjostedti. Megalurothrips sjostedti is an economic pest of cowpea in tropical africa. Active aggregation among sexes in bean flower thrips europe pmc. Five flowers were randomly picked and thrips counted under a dissecting microscope. This was done using randomized complete block design rcbd and completely randomized design crd. Dichrostachys cinerea marabou, marabouthorn, sickle bush. Field trials were carried out in two sites at the kenya agricultural research institute to evaluate the crop association as means of managing thrips megalurothrips sjostedti trybom and frankliniella occidentalis pergande and snap beans phaseolus vulgaris l. Fortunately, more automated ways of measurement are gaining momentum due to the availability of cheap imaging and processing equipment and the development of dedicated image analysis algorithms. Arthropods acalolepta australis, acanthocinus aedilis, acizzia acaciaebaileyanae, acizzia uncatoides, acrolepiopsis assectella, acrosternum hilare, acutaspis. Pdf biology and management of legume flower thrips.
Introduction tomato, lycopersicum esculentum mi ller is a staple fruit vegetable. Quarantine pest list 990 species newly added species are underlined and will take effect on 24 august 2014 1. Several insects attack tobacco throughout the season, from transplant production, growth in the field, during storage, and in. The spider plant is consumed by most local communities. Population studies showed that the trend of thrips populations was closely tied with the flowering cycle of the cowpea crop.
Walp is a diploid 2n 22 warmseason legume, mostly consumed as a grain, but also as a vegetable and often used as fodder for livestock. Koch, foliage beetles ootheca spp, medythia spp, the flower bud thrips megalurothrips sjostedti trybom the legume pod borer maruca vitrata fabricius and the sucking bug complex, of which clavigralla spp, anoplocnemis spp, riptortus spp, mirperus spp, nezara viridula fab and aspavia armigera l are most important and are prevalent. Cowpea vigna unguiculata is an important staple in burkina faso as well as many other countries in west africa. Smaller flowers in both cowpea and chrysanthemum resulted in reduced incidences of megalurothrips sjostedti trybom and f. Comparative effects of three levels of insect infestation. Preliminarytestswithgarlic extract in our laboratory con. Peak thrips populations coincided with peak flowering of the crop. Assessment of key factors responsible for the pest. Megalurothrips sjostedti bean flower thrips family aeolothripidae aeolothrips deserticola predator of mites, spiders, other thrips family aeolothripidae aeolothrips tenuicornis predator of mites, spiders, other thrips title. Resistance to thrips in peanut and implications for. A limited amount of work has been done to understand these insect pests in the areas we propose to work. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji keefektifan penggunaan lambdasihalotrin matador 25 ec, ekstrak biji mimba, dan bt komersial dalam mengendalikan. Taxonomically there are issues regarding the delimitations of t. Consequently, cultivars with moderate field resistance to.
The four lines were planted out in the field in a randomised complete block design as described above but in this experiment no form of protection against thrips or other insects was given. Legume flower thrips, megalurothrips sjostedti, is a serious insect pest of leguminous plants particularly cowpea. Characterization of maleproduced aggregation pheromone of the. The growth period lasted from october to january highly susceptible lines or to february highly tolerant lines and monthly average temperature ranged from 21 to 26c. To change the order of your pdfs, drag and drop the files as you want. To propose an alternative to chemical control, the repellency of 24 plant extracts was evaluated against adult female thrips of m. Secondinstar aphis craccivora koch and megalurothirps sjostedti trybom nymphs. During the preflowering period, nymphs and adults may damage the terminal buds. Seed coat color is an important part of consumer preferences for cowpea vigna unguiculata l. Interactive effects of growth retardants in the production of. The overarching aim of this thesis is to investigate the behaviour and ecology of the legume flower thrips megalurothrips sjostedti trybom and develop. We hypothesised that a treatment with garlic extract will have an effect on wireworms, which is similar to a treatment with sublethal.
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